Gaskets for sealing a space between surfaces and clips for mounting gaskets to surfaces

ABSTRACT

Woven tubular gaskets for sealing the space between an oven and oven door in a self-cleaning oven. A clip for securing an oven gasket to a surface on an oven comprises a shoulder for interfacing to the surface on the oven and securing the gasket to the surface, a first retaining member integrally formed on a first side of the shoulder for efficiently retaining the clip on the gasket, and a second retaining member integrally formed on a second side of the shoulder for further fixedly retaining the clip to the gasket. Oven gaskets described and claimed herein economically and efficiently seal the space between two surfaces and reduce the number of attaching clips necessary to securedly fix the gasket to the oven by providing mounting of the clips through a braided fiberglass sleeve and a knitted wire bulb of the gasket.

This is a divisional of copending application Ser. No. 07/665,289 filedon Mar. 6, 1991, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,205,075.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

This invention relates generally to gaskets and the attachments thereofto surfaces and substrates. More particularly, this invention relates towoven tubular gaskets having individual attachment members.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Articles and devices for providing a sealing arrangement between twosurfaces are well known. Depending upon the particular type of sealwhich must be achieved and the environment in which the seal willoperate, particular types of gaskets and seals have been developed toaccomplish adequate sealing and to ensure that the outside environmentdoes not impinge in the area which the seal is intended to protect. Toaccomplish these goals, prior seals and gaskets have generally been madeup of a sealing strip and an attachment mechanism that is applied to thestrip to ensure that the gasket or seal will adhere to a pair ofsurfaces and perform the sealing function.

Weather stripping is typical of the above-mentioned gasket arrangementfor sealing a pair of surfaces. For example, weather stripping which isespecially adapted for use on motor vehicles to seal the openings arounddoors and windows usually consists of tubular covers made of a softmaterial such as rubber, and a series of zigzag loops which are adaptedto secure the rubber to the door or window of the car. See, e.g., U.S.Pat. Nos. 2,060,353, Tea; 2,102,392, Tea; 2,121,854, Breer; and2,121,893, Tea. The aforementioned patents generally teach a number ofzigzag loops which encircle a core that is inserted through the tubularrubber covering and a fabric or panel member that covers the tubularcovering to provide a unitary structure. The zigzag loops are notsecured to the core, but merely slip onto the core after they are bentinto a particular arrangement for insertion into the tubular member.

Weather stripping as taught in the above patents is typically onlyuseful for protecting the interior of a car from inclement weatherconditions. Such gaskets do not provide adequate sealing in highpressure or high temperature environments, suffer the infirmity ofadvanced degradation of the soft tubular material which provides theseal, and therefore provide inadequate sealing once the seal ages in anysignificant manner. Thus, the aforementioned weather strips do notsatisfy long-felt needs in the art for adequate gasket and sealingarrangements which economically and efficiently attach to a surfacedefining an interior structure which must be sealed.

As can be seen from the above-referenced weather strips, it is necessaryto provide an attachment mechanism to the weather strip so that it canpermanently seal the surfaces. To this end, prior clips and fasteningdevices for use in securing rubber weather seals and gaskets to doorshave been utilized. In general, these fastening devices are embedded ina material such as plastic and consist of head and leg portions whichmay be formed from a single piece of wire. See, e.g., U.S. Pat. No.2,643,433, Scott, at col. 3, lines 38-43. The head portion is engagedwith a metal piece in the surface while the wire shank or legs areinserted through an opening in, for example, an automobile body. SeeScott at col. 3, lines 55-61. Individual fasteners with wire shanks andlegs may have various shapes and may connect rubber gaskets to ovendoors through a flange. See, e.g., U.S. Pat. No. 2,988,788, Saponara, atcol. 1, lines 12-17; U.S. Pat. No. 2,139,329, Fessler, at col. 1, lines42-46.

Other various shapes and arrangements of clips or fasteners have beendevised as attachment mechanisms for gaskets. Attaching clips may belooped out of wire to be engagable with a coil spring member in aweather strip and can comprise a base divided into two portions toprovide a torsional action which holds a gasket in the door of a car ina firm manner. See, e.g., U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,167,824, Berwanger and3,059,299, Sarafinas. Individual fasteners may also consist of simplebent wire clips, or more complex tabs that project upwardly and whichare deformable for grabbing the periphery of a sealing member which willadhere to a surface. See U.S. Pat. No. 2,867,464, Crampton and U.S. Pat.No. 4,783,087, DeCore et al.

Thus, prior attachment mechanisms for sealing weather strips and gasketsto surfaces are usually provided in multiple fashion and attachindividually to a gasket so that it can be clipped to a surface whichthe gasket is intended to seal. However, this arrangement is extremelycostly since a large number of individual fasteners must be provided tothe gasket in order to effect adequate sealing of the surface and theclips are not usually optimally placed on the gasket to provideeffective sealing of the gasket to the surface. Prior individual clipsare therefore not economical and fail to solve a long-felt need in theart for an economic and efficient device to provide attachment of asealing gasket to a surface.

In efforts to ensure that sealing gaskets are adequately fastened tosurfaces, prior clips have been integrally attached to springs andframes, or molded from a single piece of wire. See, e.g., U.S. Pat. No.3,167,826, Watzl et al., col. 2, lines 27-31. This type of sealinggasket may be reinforced with a sinuous wire which is bent into a zigzagcorrugated shape to provide snap fastener projections which are spacedlengthwise of the sealing strip and which conform to the shape of thedoor which the gasket will seal. See, e.g., U.S. Pat. No. 2,938,249,Milne, at col. 2, lines 28-34; U.S. Pat. No. 2,579,072, Harris, at col.3, lines 25-29.

Similarly, prior sealing gaskets for use with oven doors may be bendableinto a rectangular shape and have a wire that is simultaneously drawnthrough the base of the gasket while the gasket is being extruded. Insuch an arrangement, resilient metal clips are used to grip a base andextend to apertures to secure the gasket to the oven. See U.S. Pat. No.4,538,381, Vogel, at col. 2, lines 23-44. However, none of theaforementioned gaskets which are adapted to seal the space betweensurfaces provide adequate rigidity and structure to the gasket to ensurea good seal, or reduce the number of integrally formed clips to hold thegasket against one of the surfaces. Thus, the above-mentioned gasketsand seals are not economical and are difficult to implement.

Other arrangements for sealing ovens and oven doors are disclosed inFrench Patent No. 2,491,120, Marchand. The Marchand patent teaches atubular braid having a metal wire inserted therein. Connection mountingsare inserted into the holes of an oven door and have curved members witha free end and a sharp border. The free end with the sharp borderpierces a glass tubular fitting during the mounting process and engagesthe metal wire at a curved portion of the mounting. In operation of theconnections disclosed in the Marchand patent, the connections are firstmounted to an oven door and then pierce the tubular fitting to makeconnection with the wire inserted therein to cause the tubular fittingto provide a watertight seal between a watertight surface and the ovendoor. However, the apparatus disclosed in the Marchand patent fails toreduce the number of required clips to seal the tubular member to thedoor. Furthermore, the connections disclosed in the Marchand patent arenot radially rigid and so are not adapted for efficient insertion intothe openings. In fact, it is believed that the use of the wire insertdisclosed in Marchand provides an undesirable "hinge" effect for theconnections causing the connections to swivel around the wire, therebydegrading the stability of the connections, reducing the tendency of theconnections to remain radially rigid in a plane containing theconnections, and making it difficult to mount the gasket to a surface tobe sealed. Thus, the prior weather seals, gaskets, and sealing stripsdescribed above fail to fulfill long-felt needs in the art for rigidgaskets to seal the space between two surfaces having clips which areadapted to provide an efficient interface of the gasket with a surfaceto be sealed.

Woven tubular gaskets with continuous integral attachments are known toprovide sealing of a space between two surfaces. See, e.g., U.S. Pat.No. 4,822,060, Moyer et al. The Moyer et al. patent teaches a woventubular gasket having a continuous integral attachment which iscontained within the woven tubular gasket and which has protrusionswhich extend through or are extendable through the walls of the woventubular gasket to engage openings in a substrate. See Moyer et al., col.2, lines 9-18. The protrusions are adapted to snap into the openings ofa surface and the attachment also contains zigzag portions which line upsubstantially perpendicular to the plane of the protrusions to providelateral stability for the woven tubular gaskets. See Moyer et al., col.8, lines 33-53.

While the Moyer et al. patent teaches oven gaskets which partially solvethe aforementioned long-felt needs, gaskets and clips provided inaccordance with the present invention more readily solve these long-feltneeds as will be understood by those with skill in the art withreference to the following detailed description read in conjunction withthe accompanying drawings.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Gaskets and sealing members provided in accordance with the presentinvention solve the aforementioned long-felt needs and greatly improvethe efficiency and economy of producing gaskets described herein. Clipsprovided in accordance with the present invention may be optimallyplaced on the gasket, thereby reducing the number of clips required tosecure the gasket to the surface and significantly reducing ovenfinishing time. Such results have not heretofore been achieved in theart and evince significant advantages over prior methods and devices forsecuring gaskets to surfaces for sealing. In a preferred embodiment, aclip for securing an oven gasket to a surface on an oven comprisesshoulder means for interfacing to the surface on the oven and securingthe oven gasket to the surface, first retaining means integrally formedon a first side of the shoulder means for fixedly retaining the clip tothe oven gasket, and second retaining means integrally formed on asecond side of the shoulder means for further fixedly retaining the clipto the oven gasket.

Methods provided in accordance with the invention similarly produceeconomical oven gaskets which allow for easy and efficient installationto an oven for sealing. In a preferred embodiment, a method ofmanufacturing an oven gasket to seal a space between two surfacescomprises the steps of knitting a tubular bulb having a first radius toprovide resilient support to the gasket, braiding a tubular resilientsealing member with a second radius greater than the first radius aroundthe knitted bulb to provide a resilient seal between the two surfaceswhen the gasket is placed therebetween, piercing the braided sealingmember with a plurality of clip members which will secure the gasket toone of the two surfaces, and securing the clip members to the gasket.

With clips provided in accordance with the invention, gaskets can beconstructed wherein the clips are variably spaced along the gasket. Thisprovides the advantageous result not heretofore realized by priorgaskets of optimizing the clip spacing along the gasket to improveoverall performance and aesthetics, as well as potentially reducing therequired number of clips to secure the gasket to the surface. Theabove-referenced advantages of the invention and the solution to thelong-felt needs will be better understood by the following detaileddescription of the invention with reference to the drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a clip provided in accordance with the presentinvention for securing a gasket to a surface.

FIGS. 2A-2C illustrate how the clip of FIG. 1 is secured to gasketsprovided in accordance with the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a woven tubular gasket having staple clips in accordance withthe invention which provide radial rigidity to the gasket.

FIG. 4 illustrates woven tubular gaskets provided in accordance with thepresent invention for sealing the space between an oven and oven door ina self-cleaning oven.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

Referring now to the drawings wherein like reference numerals refer tolike elements and by way of example only without intending to limit theinvention disclosed herein in any way, FIG. 1 shows a clip 10 forsecuring a sealing member to a surface. In a preferred embodiment, clip10 is provided with shoulder means comprising a first shoulder member,shown at 20, which interfaces the clip to the surface so that clip 10secures the sealing member to the surface. The clip further comprises afirst retaining member 30 integrally formed on a first side 40 of thefirst shoulder 20 for retaining clip 10 fixedly to the sealing member.Similarly, the shoulder means preferably further comprises a secondshoulder member 25 oppositely extended from the first shoulder member20. A second retaining member 50 is integrally formed on a second side60 of the shoulder member 25 and further fixedly retains the clip to thesealing member.

It will be recognized by those with skill in the art that clip 10 isadaptable for use in an oven gasket which would seal a space between anoven and an oven door. When clip 10 is used with such an oven gasket, itis fashioned of a high temperature resistant metal material adapted tooperate in the harsh environment found, for example, in a self-cleaningoven where the gasket seals the space between the oven door and the ovenespecially during the cleaning operation. Stainless steel has been foundto be such a useful high temperature resistant metal. The head of theclip, shown generally at 70, is adapted to interface through a hole inthe oven door while the first and second retaining members 30 and 50grasp the gasket, thereby securing the gasket to the oven door so that astrong and resilient seal is made between the oven and the oven door bythe gasket, especially during the self-cleaning operation.

In a further preferred embodiment, the first and second retainingmembers terminate in two staple ends 80 which are integrally formed onthe first and second sides of the shoulder members 40 and 60. The stapleends 80 are adapted to pierce the sealing member so that the clip 10 canbe secured thereto. Referring to FIG. 2A, clip 10 is inserted through anoven gasket 90 so that the gasket can be secured to a surface. Thestaple ends 80 pierce the gasket 90 so that clip 10 securely grasps thegasket. Gasket 90 generally comprises a sealing member which is adaptedto provide a resilient seal between, for example, an oven door and anoven when the gasket is secured therebetween. In a further preferredembodiment, the gasket 90 comprises a tubular braided member 100 whichprovides the resilient seal between the two surfaces, and a resilienttubular support member 110 which provides support to the gasket. Instill further preferred embodiments, the braided sealing member 100comprises braided fiberglass which is optimally braided to provideefficient sealing, and the resilient support member comprises a knittedwire bulb adapted to provide resilient support to the gasket. Such anarrangement is often described as a "woven tubular gasket" and issubstantially described in the aforementioned U.S. Pat. No. 4,822,060,Moyer et al., the teachings of which are specifically incorporatedherein by reference.

In yet a further preferred embodiment of gasket clips provided inaccordance with the present invention, first and second retainingmembers 30 and 50 terminating in the staple ends 80 are formed at angles120 and 130 with respect to the vertical so that the staple ends of clip10 can be efficiently crimped to the gasket after the staple ends piercegasket 90 to be secured thereto. Forming the first and second retainingmembers 30 and 50 having staple ends 80 at angles 120 and 130,respectively, allows the retaining members to be efficiently manipulatedduring the staple crimping procedure. It is preferable to fashion stapleends 80 at angles 120 and 130 since Clips 10 will normally be fashionedfrom a material having a higher flexural modulus than materialscomprising common "office-type" staples. Thus, it is necessary to beginthe deflection of the staple ends 80 at angles 120 and 130 in order toensure adequate crimping. Additionally, the wire diameter of thestainless steel clips 10 is preferably 0.025 inches which is heavierthan the diameter of common staple wire, thereby requiring a start ofthe deflection of the staple ends 80 in order to obtain efficientcrimping. .It has been determined that angles 120 and 130 provideoptimum crimping and manipulation of the retaining members 30 and 50when angles 120 and 130 are at about 3° to the normal. However, it willbe recognized by those with skill in the art that if a sufficiently hardanvil surface is used to crimp the staple ends, angles 120 and 130 maybe less than 3° and indeed, may approach 0°.

FIG. 2B illustrates clip 10 when retaining members 30 and 50 arepreferably bent to-secure the gasket 90 after the staple ends havepierced through braided tubular sleeve 100 and knitted wire bulb 110. Itwill be recognized that retaining members 30 and 50 may only pierce thebraided fiberglass sleeve 100 but not knitted wire bulb 110 and then bebent into the position shown in FIG. 2B so that clip 10 can be securedto the gasket. It is more preferred, however, that retaining members 30and 50 terminating in staple ends 80 pierce both the braided fiberglasssleeve 100 and knitted wire bulb 110 to be bent into the position shownin FIG. 2B for securing the clip to the gasket 90. Either piercingarrangement and equivalents thereof are intended to be within the scopeof the present invention.

Referring now to FIG. 2C, the retaining members 30 and 50 with stapleends 80 are bent back on each other as shown so that the staple ends 80repierce the knitted wire bulb 110 at points 125. Preferably, the stapleends then traverse through the braided fiberglass so that the retainingmembers or legs 30 and 50 cinch to gasket 90 at crimp angles 95, as bestseen in FIG. 2B, thereby fixedly retaining clip 10 to gasket 90. Aplurality of clips 10 can be so affixed to gasket 90 and are spaced tointerface with a plurality of reciprocal openings in an oven or ovendoor so that gasket 90 can be optimally secured thereto for sealing.Preferably, the staple ends are crimped at crimp angles 95 so thatradial rigidity is provided to the clip when it cinches to the gasket.As used throughout this specification, the term "radial rigidity" meansthat the clips 10 are substantially stiff when cinched or crimped to thegasket, and are not susceptible of substantial motion outside of a planecontaining the clips when they are cinched to the gasket. In thisfashion the clips 10 will "stand up" on the gasket so that they areeasily aligned with the spaced openings in the oven or oven door,thereby allowing the gasket to be quickly and efficiently fitted andsecured to the oven. The crimp angles 95 are preferably arranged so thatfirst retaining member 30 is at least 15° with respect to the front ofthe x-y plane-135 of clips 10 and second retaining member 50 is at least15° with respect to the back of the x-y plane 135 of clips 10 to provideradial rigidity of the clips in the x-y plane. In order to achieveefficient radial rigidity of the clips 10 in the x-y plane, it isfurther preferred that first retaining member 30 and second retainingmember 50 are kept substantially parallel to each other when crimped tothe gasket.

Gaskets provided in accordance with the present invention for use duringthe high temperature, self-cleaning oven process are generally woventubular gaskets such as the exemplary gasket shown in FIG. 3. As shownin FIG. 3, the knitted wire bulb 110 of gasket 90 is cylindrical ortubular in shape and has a first radius. Cylindrical knitted wire bulb110 preferably provides resilient support to the gasket. The sealingmember 100 is further preferably a cylindrical or tubular braidedfiberglass sealing member having a second radius which is larger thanthe first radius such that the braided fiberglass sealing member 100fits securely around the knitted wire bulb 110.

In a high temperature environment, it is advantageous to staple clips 10to the gasket because stapling eliminates the need for welding orcementing clips to the gasket wherein the cemented or welded seal-coulddegrade over extended time exposure to the intense heat of theself-cleaning process in an oven. Furthermore, the clips disclosedherein allow gaskets to be constructed wherein the clips may be variablyspaced on the gasket according to any particularly desired arrangementfor interfacing to a surface. This allows gaskets provided in accordancewith the invention to have optimal clip spacing and will enhance thegasket's fit to a surface, thereby improving both performance andaesthetics. These advantageous features and results have not heretoforebeen achieved, and solve long-felt needs in the art for efficient andeconomical oven gaskets for use in self-cleaning ovens.

Woven tubular gaskets provided in accordance with the present inventionare particularly useful to seal the space between ovens and oven doorsas shown in FIG. 4. Oven 140 is generally a self-cleaning oven, howevergaskets described herein could easily be used to seal the space betweenother types of ovens and oven doors. The oven door 150 has holes 160drilled therethrough such that clips 10 interface to the oven doorthrough the holes and securely retain the gasket to the oven door sothat a sealing arrangement is accomplished between the oven door 150 andthe oven 140 when the oven door is closed. Clips 10 which are stapledthrough the gasket can be strategically and optimally located on thegasket to reduce the number of clips necessary to fixedly secure thegasket 90 to the oven door 150 through holes 160.

In construction of self-cleaning ovens as described herein, a bakedenamel surface is usually applied to the oven and oven door after theholes are drilled therethrough to finish the oven with an attractive andfunctional surface. However, the baked enamel inevitably fouls holes 160and must be cleaned from the holes before the oven gasket 90 can befitted on the oven. With gaskets provided in accordance with the presentinvention having clips 10 strategically and optimally located on thegasket, a fewer number of holes 160 need to be reciprocally drilled inoven door 150, thereby reducing the need to clean the baked enameldeposits in holes 160 after oven finishing and greatly improving theefficiency of the oven manufacturing process. This advantageous resulthas not heretofore been achieved in the oven gasket art and greatlyincreases the efficiency of constructing self-cleaning and other ovens.

There have thus been described certain preferred embodiments of ovengaskets for sealing the space between two surfaces. While preferredembodiments have been described and disclosed, it will be recognized bythose with skill in the art that modifications are within the truespirit and scope of the invention. The appended claims are intended tocover all such modifications.

What is claimed is:
 1. A clip for securing an oven gasket to a surfaceon an oven having spaced apertures, said clip comprising:a head portionhaving an apex, shoulder means extending from said head portion forinterfacing to one of said apertures in the surface on the oven, saidshoulder means securing the oven gasket to the surface; first retainingmeans integrally formed on a first side of the shoulder means forfixedly retaining the clip to the oven gasket; and second retainingmeans integrally formed on a second side of the shoulder means forfurther fixedly retaining the clip to the oven gasket, the first andsecond retaining means each being crimped at a crimp angle relative to aplane substantially containing the shoulder means, the first and secondretaining means being substantially parallel to each other in spacedapart relationship so as to provide radial rigidity to the clip when theclip is fixed to the gasket.
 2. The clip recited in claim 1 furthercomprising:first staple means formed on the first retaining means forpiercing the gasket so that the clip securely grasps the gasket; andsecond staple means formed on the second retaining means for piercingthe gasket so that the clip further securedly grasps the gasket suchthat when the first and second staple means pierce the gasket the clipwill fixedly secure to the gasket so that the gasket can provide a sealto the surface.
 3. The clip recited in claim 2 wherein the crimp angleis at least 15° with respect to the plane of the clip.
 4. The cliprecited in claim 3 wherein the first and second retaining means areformed at an angle with respect to a vertical so that the first andsecond staple means efficiently pierce the gasket.
 5. The clip recitedin claim 3 wherein the angle with respect to the vertical is at 3° tothe normal.
 6. The clip recited in claim 5 wherein the clip compriseshigh temperature resistant metal which is malleable such that the firstand second staple means can be bent to fixedly secure the clip to thegasket.
 7. The clip recited in claim 6 wherein the metal is stainlesssteel.
 8. A wire clip for securing an oven gasket to a surface of anoven, said clip comprising:a high modulus wire; and an acutely angledbent-to-form head portion adapted to be extended through an opening inthe oven surface, integral shoulder means including protruding shoulderportions extended relatively outwardly from the acutely angled headportion and inturned portions extending inwardly towards each other fromthe protruding shoulder portions, said clip further having supportportions adapted to be supported on the gasket, said support portionsextending outwardly from said inturned portions, said support portionsterminating in retaining portions, each extending from the outwardlyextending support portions, said retaining portions each being crimpedback towards the support portions so as to fixedly secure the clip tothe gasket, said retaining portions being crimped at a crimp anglerelative to a plane substantially containing the shoulder means, thefirst and second retaining means being extended substantially parallelto each other and in spaced apart relationship so as to provide radialrigidity to the clip when the clip is fixed to the gasket.